For 3.8 billion years, a rich web of life has evolved on Earth. From the songs of birds and the color variations of orchids to the unique habitats of pygmy elephants and proboscis monkeys, each species is part of an interconnected ecosystem that makes biodiversity the foundation for sustainable food production, fresh water, and climate resilience.
Today, biodiversity is being lost at an unprecedented rate. Invasive species like rabbits, foxes, and deer are killing off native plants in Australia, while habitat loss due to agriculture, development, and urbanization is driving animals and plants to migrate or become extinct. As a result, many experts believe we are currently experiencing the sixth mass extinction event.
The loss of biodiversity undermines essential human services, such as the regulation of diseases and the provisioning of healthy foods. It also negatively affects economies, including those of developing countries, which depend on biodiversity for their livelihoods and natural resources.
Biodiversity is also fundamental for scientific research and discovery. The genetic diversity of microorganisms, flora and fauna provides an unparalleled source of materials for biological and pharmacological discoveries.
At the Smithsonian, we’re working to ensure that this vital resource is protected and restored. We’re partnering with governments and businesses to set aside land for conservation; engaging communities in forest protection, reforestation, and logging moratoriums; and fighting wildlife crime around the world. Our efforts are aimed at building an interconnected world that values biodiversity and respects Indigenous Peoples’ rights to their lands, rivers, and waters.