Flooding happens when water rises to the level of streets, buildings or houses. It is a major natural disaster that can lead to loss of life and property. It affects a wide area and can disrupt the supply of drinking water, electricity and telecommunications. It is one of the most expensive and devastating natural disasters, especially in densely populated communities.
Floods are triggered by rainfall, storm surges and dam failure. But they are also caused by human activities. For example, draining wetlands that hold water and building paved surfaces that don’t allow rainwater to soak into the ground increases flood risk. Flooding can also be exacerbated by changing climate conditions.
The most destructive flooding events are those that occur with little or no warning and involve large amounts of water. They are known as flash floods. These are usually caused by immense rainfall in a short time period, often near low-lying terrain. They can be more dangerous than slow-moving floods because they carry debris, including cars and trees.
In some cases, floods can carry diseases such as cholera, typhoid and malaria. They can also contaminate water supplies. For example, in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, in 1889, the flooded waters of the Schuylkill River were full of steel cables, chemical solvents, glass and railroad cars – all of which posed a serious threat to those who had been forced from their homes by the flood.
The biblical story of Noah and the corresponding legends in other cultures have been used to illustrate Jesus’ role as the righteous leader in a wicked world, who will bring peace and prosperity.