Treatment is the use of medications and counseling to help people with a mental illness, such as addiction. There are different types of treatments, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and family therapy. Treatment can be provided in a residential facility, an intensive outpatient program, or on an outpatient basis. In general, the earlier that treatment begins, the more successful it will be.
During the first phase of treatment, clients must learn how to recognize and avoid situations that trigger drinking or drug abuse. They may also need to seek social support, and attend group therapy sessions with other addicts. During the middle or action stage, the client develops new coping skills to deal with life problems. This may involve family therapy, individual counseling with a counselor or therapist, or peer group meetings.
In the late or maintenance phase of treatment, clients work to sustain their accomplishments in the action stage. They also work to anticipate and prevent relapse by disengaging from the systems that promoted their alcohol or drug use. They also continue to attend group and family therapy. Toxicology testing is often a requirement of this phase.
Effective treatment must address an individual’s multiple needs, including physical health, psychological well being, and social and vocational functioning. It is important that the various components of treatment be coordinated and delivered in a manner that meets the client’s current clinical status. This requires a regular review of the individualized plan and adjustments as needed.