Recent Developments in Conflict in the Middle East

Recent developments in the conflict in the Middle East show very complex and constantly changing dynamics. After years of tension, the situation in the region has been influenced by a variety of international factors, including the policies of major powers, shifting regional alliances, and domestic political developments. In Syria, the conflict that began in 2011 continues to rage, although Bashar al-Assad’s government has managed to retake most of the territory. However, rebel groups such as HTS (Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham) and other small groups still control several areas, especially in Idlib. Russia’s military intervention and assistance from Iran have provided significant support to the Assad regime, but challenges to stability remain, including from attacks by terrorists and political opponents. Meanwhile, tensions between Israel and Palestine continue to simmer. The latest attacks in the Gaza Strip have increased the number of casualties and made the humanitarian situation even worse. Hamas and other armed groups continuously launch rocket attacks on Israeli territory, which are then responded with intense military action. In addition, Israel’s growing settlements in the West Bank are a source of tension and protest. The international community has joined in demanding the need for a two-state solution, but the steps towards peace appear increasingly blurred. In Yemen, the conflict between the government supported by the Arab coalition and the Houthis supported by Iran is brutal. The severe economic recession and humanitarian crisis that hit Yemen have further worsened people’s conditions. A series of negotiations initiated by the UN attempted to end the fighting, but the results were often unsatisfactory for both sides. In Lebanon, the potential for tensions has re-emerged with the emergence of an extreme economic crisis and public protests demanding reform. The influence of Hezbollah, a militia group actively involved in various regional conflicts, is growing, raising concerns about the country’s stability. Sectarian tensions in Lebanon are a major concern for neighboring countries and major powers with interests in the Middle East. On the other hand, shifting alliances in the region are apparent. The normalization of relations between Israel and several Arab countries such as the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, despite criticism from Palestinians, represents the latest effort towards regional stability. This relationship has an impact on political and economic dynamics in the region. External intervention, especially from the United States and Russia, also played an important role. US policy under the Biden administration is more inclusive than before, attempting to address existing problems, but challenges remain enormous. Meanwhile, Russia continues to strengthen its position as the main mediator in the Syrian conflict and a significant regional power. The presence of non-state actors, including terrorist groups such as ISIS, also remains a threat in the Middle East region. Although their territory has been reduced, their ideology and activities persist, complicating efforts for peace and stability. The development of conflict in the Middle East, with its various interrelated aspects, does not only involve local issues but also involves global factors that influence the future direction of the region. As the situation continues to develop, the future of the Middle East remains uncertain, with numerous challenges that the international community must face.